Ethical Considerations and Guidance of Cosmeceuticals in Pediatric Care

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The rising popularity of cosmeceuticals among pediatric populations poses significant challenges for dermatologists, especially when it comes to balancing the use of evidence-based medicine with the latest skincare trends. This issue is compounded by the growing influence of social media, which exposes young consumers to a vast array of unregulated products and often misleading beauty standards. As clinicians, a recent 2-part review noted that understanding ethical concerns and communicating effectively with both children and their parents are crucial steps in addressing these concerns.^1,2

Marketing to Vulnerable Audiences

The review stated that one of the key ethical dilemmas associated with cosmeceuticals in pediatric care is the aggressive marketing of skincare products to young consumers. Companies frequently target Gen-Z and Gen-Alpha with products that may be unnecessary or even harmful. Researchers behind the review explain, “The ethics of marketing these products to children who have limited need for them, how these products contribute to unrealistic beauty standards, and the financial strain that the pressure to purchase these products places on children and their parents should all be examined.”

The widespread use of celebrity endorsements only amplifies these concerns. Studies show that children are particularly influenced by celebrity marketing, with many viewing celebrities as experts and trusting their product recommendations. Researchers stated, “children much prefer products that have been endorsed by a celebrity, and that they are likely to believe that the celebrity advertising the product is an expert.” This creates a dangerous cycle, where children may feel compelled to purchase products that have little scientific backing or real efficacy, perpetuating unrealistic beauty ideals and financial strain.

The Role of Social Media

The review stated that social media platforms, particularly Instagram and TikTok, have a profound impact on the skincare decisions of young people. The viral nature of trends on these platforms often leads to the widespread use of cosmeceuticals with questionable ingredients. As the review highlights, “A survey of 1044 female consumers in the US found that 83% of Gen-Z females have bought a cosmetic or cosmeceutical product after seeing it promoted on TikTok, as compared to approximately 60% of the general female population.” Social media amplifies beauty standards by promoting heavily edited images and “perfect” skin, which can lower young consumers' self-esteem and encourage them to pursue unrealistic goals through the purchase of trending skincare products.

This trend is particularly concerning when it comes to products that claim anti-aging benefits or use unconventional ingredients, such as snail mucin and bee venom. While these products may be touted as innovative or exotic, the efficacy of many ingredients used in popular cosmeceuticals is often not supported by clinical research. Clinicians must remain vigilant in their education of patients, reminding them that “most of the content on social media is unregulated and that monetary incentives are often attached to influencers' posts.”

Anti-Aging and Skin Bleaching in Pediatrics

The promotion of anti-aging products to children, despite the absence of age-related skin changes, is another area of concern, according to the review. Such products often target a deep-seated fear of aging, capitalizing on societal pressures to maintain a youthful appearance. “The pediatric population is not immune from the pressure to remain young,” researchers wrote, stating this has led to the widespread use of anti-aging products in younger populations. While these products may be marketed as preventative, the reality is that they are often unnecessary and may even harm delicate pediatric skin.

Skin bleaching practices further exemplify the risks associated with cosmeceuticals. Though more common in regions outside of the US, the review stated skin bleaching is a significant issue for children and adolescents of color, who may feel societal pressure to lighten their skin. The misuse of skin-lightening products containing harmful ingredients such as mercury and hydroquinone presents serious health risks, including skin irritation, toxicity, and long-term skin damage.

Clinical Guidance and Patient Education

Clinicians must approach the use of cosmeceuticals with a focus on patient education and evidence-based guidance. For patients seeking to prevent skin aging, researchers suggested the emphasis should be on daily sun protection. “Consistent sunscreen use is the most effective and evidence-based approach to achieving goals of healthy skin and preventing the skin changes associated with aging,” the review stated. For patients using trendy cosmeceuticals with questionable efficacy, a non-judgmental, open discussion about the potential risks of such products can be beneficial. As researchers suggested, “When encountering a young patient who is using cosmeceuticals with ingredients lacking substantial evidence, a non-judgmental discussion of the risks and benefits of such products is important.”

Furthermore, researchers wrote that clinicians should be prepared to address issues like skin bleaching and irritation from misuse of products. With cultural sensitivity, it is important to explore the motivations behind such practices and educate patients about safer alternatives.

In conclusion, the review found cosmeceuticals in pediatric care raise significant ethical concerns, especially in relation to marketing, social media influence, and the misuse of products. By staying informed about these challenges and offering evidence-based, patient-centered care, clinicians can help guide young consumers toward safer and more effective skincare practices.

References

1. Goff GK, Stein SL. Cosmeceuticals in the pediatric population part I: A review of risks and available evidence. Pediatr Dermatol. Published online February 9, 2025. doi:10.1111/pde.15866
2. Goff GK, Stein SL. Cosmeceuticals in the pediatric population part II: Ethical dilemmas and patient talking points. Pediatr Dermatol. Published online February 20, 2025. doi:10.1111/pde.15867